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Wheatstone Bridge Balance — result sheet
Calculate the unknown resistance at balance and the detector voltage for a four-resistor Wheatstone bridge.
Inputs used
Results
Visual chart
Breakdown
Calculation steps
Returned data table
Formula and methodology
Formula: At balance Rₓ = R₂R₃/R₁; Vdet = Vₛ[R₂/(R₁+R₂) − Rₓ/(Rₓ+R₃)].
A Wheatstone bridge compares two resistor dividers. When their midpoint voltages match, the detector sees zero voltage and the unknown arm is the ratio product R₂R₃/R₁. The calculator also evaluates the detector voltage for the entered unknown resistance so a non-balanced bridge is visible instead of being silently treated as balanced.
This result follows the calculator's declared inputs, precision, validation boundaries, and model limits.
Input contract
- R₁ — Ω; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000000
- R₂ — Ω; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000000
- R₃ — Ω; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000000
- Entered unknown arm Rₓ — Ω; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000000
- Bridge supply — V; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000
Worked example
| Input | Value |
|---|---|
| R₁ | 100 |
| R₂ | 100 |
| R₃ | 100 |
| Entered unknown arm Rₓ | 120 |
| Bridge supply | 5 |
The balance resistance is 100 Ω; an entered 120 Ω arm produces a small nonzero detector voltage under the stated high-impedance convention.
Assumptions and limits
- The resistor labels follow the divider convention used in the displayed equation: R₁ and R₂ form one leg, while Rₓ and R₃ form the other.
- The detector is treated as high impedance so it does not significantly load either divider midpoint.
- Resistors are linear, positive, and temperature-independent for this calculation; lead resistance, bridge sensitivity, and measurement uncertainty are not modeled.
Calculator note
Source and methodology
Use the official WorldCalculate methodology policy for the source, formula, precision, and boundary standards behind this calculator.
Planning estimate, not financial, medical, legal, or professional advice. © WorldCalculate — reuse with attribution. Built and curated by Hassan ALRowaie.
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