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Water Pressure at Depth — result sheet
Calculate gauge and absolute hydrostatic pressure below a fluid surface from depth, density, surface pressure, and gravity.
Inputs used
Results
Visual chart
Breakdown
Calculation steps
Returned data table
Formula and methodology
Formula: Gauge pressure Δp = ρgh; absolute pressure p = p₀ + ρgh.
A stationary fluid adds pressure with depth because of the fluid column above the point. The calculator separates the pressure added by the fluid from the absolute pressure that also includes the entered surface pressure, avoiding the common mistake of treating gauge and absolute pressure as the same quantity.
This result follows the calculator's declared inputs, precision, validation boundaries, and model limits.
Input contract
- Depth below surface — m; minimum 0; maximum 1000000
- Fluid density — kg/m³; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000
- Pressure at surface — kPa absolute; minimum 0; maximum 1000000000
- Gravitational acceleration — m/s²; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000
Worked example
| Input | Value |
|---|---|
| Depth below surface | 10 |
| Fluid density | 1000 |
| Pressure at surface | 101.325 |
| Gravitational acceleration | 9.80665 |
At 10 m in fresh water, gauge pressure is 98.0665 kPa and absolute pressure is 199.3915 kPa.
Assumptions and limits
- The fluid density is constant over the entered depth and the fluid is stationary.
- The surface-pressure input is absolute pressure; gauge pressure at the surface is therefore treated as zero.
- Compressibility, temperature gradients, salinity changes, acceleration, waves, and local flow are not modeled.
Calculator note
Source and methodology
Use the official WorldCalculate methodology policy for the source, formula, precision, and boundary standards behind this calculator.
Planning estimate, not financial, medical, legal, or professional advice. © WorldCalculate — reuse with attribution. Built and curated by Hassan ALRowaie.
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