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Fully Restrained Thermal Stress Calculator — result sheet
Estimate axial thermal stress, thermal strain, and free expansion for a linearly elastic member that cannot expand.
Inputs used
Results
Visual chart
Breakdown
Calculation steps
Returned data table
Formula and methodology
Formula: For full axial restraint, σ = EαΔT; free thermal strain = αΔT; free expansion = LαΔT.
A temperature change produces a free strain that becomes axial stress when expansion is fully prevented. The calculator shows the stress limit case together with the movement that would have occurred without restraint, helping visitors distinguish a free-expansion calculation from a structural stress claim.
This result follows the calculator's declared inputs, precision, validation boundaries, and model limits.
Input contract
- Young's modulus — GPa; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000000
- Linear expansion coefficient — µm/(m·K); minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000000
- Temperature change — K; minimum -1000000000; maximum 1000000000
- Member length — m; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000000000
Worked example
| Input | Value |
|---|---|
| Young's modulus | 200 |
| Linear expansion coefficient | 12 |
| Temperature change | 50 |
| Member length | 10 |
The fully restrained stress is 120 MPa, thermal strain is 600 microstrain, and free expansion would be 6 mm.
Assumptions and limits
- The member is fully restrained axially and remains linearly elastic over the entered temperature change.
- Young's modulus and the expansion coefficient are treated as constant over the temperature interval and use compatible units.
- Yielding, creep, buckling, joints, partial restraint, temperature gradients, residual stress, and three-dimensional constraints are not modeled.
Calculator note
Source and methodology
Use the official WorldCalculate methodology policy for the source, formula, precision, and boundary standards behind this calculator.
Planning estimate, not financial, medical, legal, or professional advice. © WorldCalculate — reuse with attribution. Built and curated by Hassan ALRowaie.
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