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PCB Copper Trace Resistance and Loss Calculator — result sheet
Calculate a copper trace's resistance, voltage drop, and I²R loss from length, width, thickness, resistivity, temperature, and current.
Inputs used
Results
Visual chart
Breakdown
Calculation steps
Returned data table
Formula and methodology
Formula: R = ρL/(wt) × [1 + α(T−25 °C)]; voltage drop = IR; copper loss = I²R.
A PCB trace is a conductor with finite length and cross-sectional area. This page separates the room-temperature geometry term from a simple temperature correction, then reports the consequences at the entered current.
This result follows the calculator's declared inputs, precision, validation boundaries, and model limits.
Input contract
- Trace length — mm; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000000
- Trace width — mm; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000
- Copper thickness — mm; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000
- Resistivity at 25 °C — nΩ·m; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000
- Trace temperature — °C; minimum -273.149; maximum 1000000
- Resistivity temperature coefficient α — per °C; minimum -1; maximum 1
- Trace current — A; minimum 0; maximum 1000000
Worked example
| Input | Value |
|---|---|
| Trace length | 100 |
| Trace width | 0.3 |
| Copper thickness | 0.035 |
| Resistivity at 25 °C | 17 |
| Trace temperature | 25 |
| Resistivity temperature coefficient α | 0.00393 |
| Trace current | 2 |
Resistance ≈ 0.1619 Ω, voltage drop ≈ 0.3238 V, and copper loss ≈ 0.6476 W.
Assumptions and limits
- Length, width, and thickness are converted from millimetres to metres before applying resistivity in Ω·m.
- The temperature correction is linear around 25 °C and uses the entered coefficient.
- Skin effect, vias, solder joints, spreading resistance, current crowding, thermal feedback, and measurement tolerance are not modeled.
Calculator note
Source and methodology
Use the official WorldCalculate methodology policy for the source, formula, precision, and boundary standards behind this calculator.
Planning estimate, not financial, medical, legal, or professional advice. © WorldCalculate — reuse with attribution. Built and curated by Hassan ALRowaie.
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