Download your PDF
Malus's Law Polarized Intensity result sheet — free, supported by sponsors. Your download button appears in 20 seconds.
This free download is supported by sponsors — continuing in
20
Your file is generated in your browser when you choose Download — nothing is uploaded. If this calculator returns enough numeric data, the export also includes its best-fit chart alongside the readable table.
WorldCalculate result export
Malus's Law Polarized Intensity — result sheet
Calculate transmitted intensity and the ideal transmission fraction for linearly polarized light passing through an analyzer at a stated angle.
Inputs used
Results
Visual chart
Breakdown
Calculation steps
Returned data table
Formula and methodology
Formula: Malus's law is I = I0 cos(theta)^2, where theta is the angle in degrees between the incoming linear-polarization axis and the ideal analyzer axis; transmission fraction is cos(theta)^2.
This calculator applies Malus's law to a nonnegative incoming linearly polarized intensity and an analyzer angle from 0 to 90 degrees. It returns transmitted intensity in W/m^2 and the dimensionless ideal transmission fraction, including the angular factor when the incoming intensity is zero.
This result follows the calculator's declared inputs, precision, validation boundaries, and model limits.
Input contract
- Incoming linearly polarized intensity — W/m^2; Finite nonnegative intensity incident on the ideal analyzer.; minimum 0; maximum 1000000000000
- Polarizer-axis angle — degrees; Finite angle from 0 through 90 degrees between transmission axes.; minimum 0; maximum 90
Worked example
| Input | Value |
|---|---|
| Incoming linearly polarized intensity | 100 |
| Polarizer-axis angle | 30 |
An incoming intensity of 100 W/m^2 at 30 degrees gives 75 W/m^2 transmitted and a 0.75 ideal transmission fraction.
Assumptions and limits
- Incoming intensity is a finite nonnegative magnitude in watts per square metre and is already linearly polarized.
- The angle is a finite degree measure between the polarization and analyzer transmission axes, restricted to the first-quarter range 0 through 90 degrees.
- The analyzer is ideal, with no absorption beyond polarization selection, scattering, reflection, wavelength dependence, or detector response.
- Partial polarization, coherence details, beam geometry, optical alignment, laser classification, and safety advice are outside the calculation.
Calculator note
Source and methodology
Use the official WorldCalculate methodology policy for the source, formula, precision, and boundary standards behind this calculator.
Planning estimate, not financial, medical, legal, or professional advice. © WorldCalculate — reuse with attribution. Built and curated by Hassan ALRowaie.
No saved result was found. Please run the calculation first, then choose Download again.