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One-Dimensional Impulse and Momentum — result sheet
Calculate initial and final momentum, impulse, average force, and kinetic-energy change from a one-dimensional velocity change.
Inputs used
Results
Visual chart
Breakdown
Calculation steps
Returned data table
Formula and methodology
Formula: pᵢ = mvᵢ; pᶠ = mvᶠ; J = Δp = m(vᶠ − vᵢ); F̄ = J/Δt; ΔK = ½m((vᶠ)² − (vᵢ)²).
Impulse is the change in momentum. In this one-dimensional average-force model, the entered velocity signs carry direction, so reversing an object or applying an impulse opposite its initial motion is represented without discarding the sign.
This result follows the calculator's declared inputs, precision, validation boundaries, and model limits.
Input contract
- Object mass — kg; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1000000000
- Initial velocity — m/s; minimum -1000000; maximum 1000000
- Final velocity — m/s; minimum -1000000; maximum 1000000
- Force duration — s; minimum 1.0E-9; maximum 1000000
Worked example
| Input | Value |
|---|---|
| Object mass | 0.145 |
| Initial velocity | 20 |
| Final velocity | 30 |
| Force duration | 0.2 |
pᵢ = 2.9 kg·m/s, J = 1.45 N·s, F̄ = 7.25 N
Assumptions and limits
- The motion and force are represented along one chosen straight-line axis.
- Mass remains constant and the entered duration is the interval over which the average net force acts.
- The kinetic-energy change is a bookkeeping result and does not identify heat, deformation, rotation, or a specific collision mechanism.
Calculator note
Source and methodology
Use the official WorldCalculate methodology policy for the source, formula, precision, and boundary standards behind this calculator.
Planning estimate, not financial, medical, legal, or professional advice. © WorldCalculate — reuse with attribution. Built and curated by Hassan ALRowaie.
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