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Circular Orbit Period and Speed Calculator — result sheet
Estimate circular-orbit period, speed, and local escape speed from central mass and orbital radius.
Inputs used
Results
Visual chart
Breakdown
Calculation steps
Returned data table
Formula and methodology
Formula: T = 2π√(a³/(GM)); circular speed = √(GM/a); escape speed = √(2GM/a).
For a two-body circular orbit, the central mass and orbital radius determine the period and speed through the gravitational parameter GM. The page reports both the circular speed and the local escape speed so the visitor can see the relationship between a bound circular orbit and the escape threshold.
This result follows the calculator's declared inputs, precision, validation boundaries, and model limits.
Input contract
- Central body mass — kg; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1.0E+40
- Circular orbit radius / semi-major axis — m; minimum 1.0E-6; maximum 1.0E+20
Worked example
| Input | Value |
|---|---|
| Central body mass | 5.972E+24 |
| Circular orbit radius / semi-major axis | 6771000 |
A 6,771 km circular orbit around Earth has a period of about 92.6 minutes and a speed of about 7.67 km/s.
Assumptions and limits
- The orbit is circular or is being represented by its semi-major axis in a two-body Newtonian model.
- The central mass is concentrated into a point-like source for the calculation and the radius is measured from its center.
- Atmospheric drag, third-body effects, oblateness, eccentricity-specific speed changes, launch energy, and relativistic corrections are not modeled.
Calculator note
Source and methodology
Use the official WorldCalculate methodology policy for the source, formula, precision, and boundary standards behind this calculator.
Planning estimate, not financial, medical, legal, or professional advice. © WorldCalculate — reuse with attribution. Built and curated by Hassan ALRowaie.
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